WGSS 320 Gender & Technology

Oregon State University, School of Language, Culture, and Society

Chapter 7

Discuss Readings: Look at technology through a Gender Lens (8 points)

This discussion spans 4 days and is due before midnight on Thursday of week 7.

Gender Lens

Biological Social Cultural Economic Political Educational Design Recycling maintenance User Support Sales Prototyping Production Marketing
Roll over each color of the lens to see important questions to answer in this discussion.

Learning Outcomes

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Students will be able to 1) discuss feminist theory, women's choices, race and cultural issues, and barriers related to gender and technology, 2) research current trends of women and technology of different cultures/countries, 3) analyze relationships among science, technology, and society using critical perspectives or examples from historical, political, or economic disciplines, 4) analyze the role of science and technology in shaping diverse fields of study over time, 5) articulate in writing a critical perspective on issues involving science, technology, and society using evidence as support.

Introduction

Some technology is inherently feminine (tampons, bras, nutrition products, female condoms, IUD, Midol, hair products, bikes and bike seats). Some technology is inherently masculine (jock straps, electric shavers, condoms, Viagra, bikes and bike seats). Some technology is designed and built by men for mostly women and some is designed and built by women for mostly men (can you think of any?).

This week you'll use the Gender Lens to look at Social Factors related to a Product Timeline for Lego® building blocks (see the colorful glasses....they list the Factors). You'll explore aspects of the Lens and how those Factors help/hinder society in terms of gender and Legos.

During different stages of the product's history, what social Factors influenced it at each stage? Was the design, production, marketing, sales, user-support, maintenance, and recycling of the product affected by a man or women's biology, social/cultural norms, economic status, political influence, or educational influence?

1. On Monday, start viewing and reading.

View the movies then search for and listen to/read a few popular or other scholarly articles, podcasts, and videos. In a new tab, add various search phrases to a Google, Bing, or Yahoo search bar to locate articles. Switch to the Scholar, News, Videos, and Images channels to see different results.

Megafactories: LEGO. © 2012 National Geographic. 45min.
Timeline Factors
LEGO history
LEGO prototyping and design
LEGO factory 2018
LEGO and deforestation
Recycling LEGOs
How are ABS, SAM, and PVC plastic made?
LEGO marketing
LEGO sales figures
Learn to use LEGOs
And your own search phrases
Building blocks of bias: Siouxsie Wiles. © 2015 TEDxAuckland. 9min.
Social Factors
Biological impact of ABS, SAM, and PVC plastic
Biological/physical impact of using/not using LEGOs
Societal norms and LEGOs
Cultural impact of marketing LEGOs around the world
Economic impact of LEGO around the world
The Woman Tax
Political activism and LEGOs
LEGOs impact on learning
lateral thinking, spatial awareness, literacy, problem-solving, creativity, critical thinking, motor development, etc.
Problems with LEGOs Friends
Sexist toys
Nature versus Nurture when kids choose toys
And your own search phrases

2. By Wednesday, start discussing the readings. (4 points)

Canvas icon  In the Canvas Discussion area:
  1. Choose a Gender Lens Social or Timeline Factor from the list of threads. In 400 words or more, recap the scholarly and popular articles you read.
    • Reserve your spot in the thread for that factor by replying to it and leaving a short note that you have reserved that topic.
    • Write in a text editor like Word or Google Docs.
    • Use the EDIT button to come back later and paste in your findings.
    • No more than 2 PEOPLE PER FACTOR.
  2. Cite sources using embedded hyperlinks in the Titles of Articles you mention so that readers can quickly open them in a new browser tab.
  3. Keep personal anecdotes to a minimum; the reading recap is key here. I want to hear what you learned, not necessarily what you already know.

3. By midnight on Thursday, reply to three others' threads. (4 points)

  1. Glance through all the responses.
  2. Respond to at least three others' threads (but not more than 5).
    • Challenge the opinions of others but back them up with research.
      • Research means you searched for and found other articles that support your ideas.
      • Writing means you wrote in your own words. Do not paste in large passages of others' writings.
    • Note which sources you found that support or contradict the ideas presented.
    • Cite sources using embedded hyperlinks in the Titles of Articles.

Begin the Gender Lens project. (5 points)

This first part of the Gender Lens project spans 7 days and is due before midnight on Sunday of week 7.

This is Your Brain on Engineering. The War on Pink: GoldieBlox Toys Ignite Debate Over What’s Good For Girls, By Eliana Dockterman, TIME Magazine, Nov 2013. © Goldie Blox 2013.
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Learning Outcomes

Students will 1) summarize the major issues, statistics, and historical significance of technology developed and/or used by women. 2) discuss cultural issues and barriers related to gender and technology, 3) interpret, compare, and draw conclusions of trends and analyze technologies via a Gender Lens, 4) analyze relationships among science, technology, and society using critical perspectives or examples from historical, political, or economic disciplines, and 6) articulate in writing a critical perspective on issues involving science, technology, and society using evidence as support.

Introduction

For this 3-week project, you'll apply what you learned about the Gender Lens timeline and social factors of LEGOS to another product, which you'll choose below. You'll synthesize that research into the Gender Lens pages of your Wordpress site. The research will help you achieve a level of understanding regarding personal lifestyles and how choices can change the future.

Scoring criteria

Your project will be scored by the following criteria:

  • Research, analysis, and your original writing on a product's Timeline Factors (11 points)
    • Discuss Design & Prototyping, Production, Marketing, Sales, User Support, Maintenance, and Recycling. (Refer to lens chart above.)
    • Define terms to help a lay audience understand the complexities of the technology.
    • Illustrate processes with diagrams, photos, and/or videos.
    • Cite research and statistics.
    • Plagiarism will not be tolerated.
  • Research, analysis, and your original writing on a product's Social Factors (11 points)
    • Discuss Biological, Social, Cultural, Economic, Political, and Educational factors.
    • Illustrate trends with charts. (Refer to lens chart above.)
    • Cite research, statistics, and charts. Plagiarism will not be tolerated.
  • Project is presented in a professional manner (8 points)
    • Material is presented online in 3 pages of the blog site. (2 points)
      • Navigation to each page is included on each page.
    • Inline citations follow (author year) format. (2 points)
      • Links are embedded in the author's name.
    • Bibliography includes all sources used. (2 points)
      • Links are embedded in either the title or URL.
      • Citations include author, title, publisher, year, and URL.
    • Images and media include: (2 points)
      • Descriptive captions and alternative text.
      • Proper copyright (© year Owner) statements.

Instructions

7.1 Review past projects

Click on each of these example projects (below) to read them and get a sense of the kinds of content you'll be researching, related to the timeline and social factors of your chosen topic. (Note that most of them are missing the required subheadlines.)

  • Woman holding her skateboard.
    • The Skateboard,
      Abigail Relf, 2019
  • Birth Control Pills
    • Birth Control Pill,
      Karley Devins, 2018
  • Hello, Barbie
    • Hello, Barbie,
      Abigail Kimbrough, 2017
  • Drawing of a male condom
    • The Condom,
      Leah Trice, 2017.
  • Mechanical Dishwasher
    • Mechanical Dishwasher, Kalie Morris, 2016.
  • Antique clothes washing machine
    • Washing Machine, Carah Kittson, 2016.
  • Keurig Coffee Maker
    • Keurig Coffee Maker, Meghan Winkleman, 2016.
  • Formaldehyde molecule
    • Formaldehyde by Nancy Sinha, 2016.
  • iRobot's Roomba Vacuum
    • iRobot Roomba Vacuum, Erin Ellefsen, 2016.
  • Hasbro Easy Bake Oven
    • Easy Bake Oven by Britani Halsey, 2016.
  • Roominate
    • Roominate By Shannon Snodgrass, 2014

 These topics are now off limits. 

7.2 Choose a product (1 per student).

Choose one topic to cover for this project. Get approval from the instructor right away; only one student per topic per term.

* Topics already spoken for are marked with an asterisk. ⬆ Shiftrefresh Shift-Refresh this page to see the most up-to-date list of topics.

Chemicals and Fibers
Hardware Tools (Mechanical and Digital)
Housekeeping and Kitchen
Medical, self-care, and safety
Software
Toys and Games
Transportation
Wearables

7.3 Explore the product with your senses.

If you are physically able, visit the product at the store or in your home or office. If it is boxed up, ask the sales staff if there is a sample you can look at, touch, and explore. What does it look like, sound like, feel like, act like, smell like, etc.? Can you look inside to see its inner-worgame? If not, find drawings and photos online to help you more fully understand the product.

7.4 Research the product's Timeline.

  1. Organize sources using your chosen bibliography tool from the previous project.
  2. Focus on these factors and questions:
    Design & Prototyping
    Was the design team primarily female or male? Who were they? Who tested it before production?
    Manufacturing & Production
    Who manufactures/d it and where? Are the workers in the factories primarily male or female? What are working conditions like? What materials are used?
    Marketing
    Was and is it marketed primarily to girls/women or boys/men?
    Sales
    How and by whom was/is sold and how much does it cost?
    User Support
    How do/did users get help and by whom?
    Maintenance
    What is required to maintain it? Is an expert needed or can it be done by the buyer?
    Recycling & Disposal
    Do all its parts need to be sent to a landfill, or can some be recycled? In what country, how, and by whom?

Next week, you'll research the Social Factors related to the product.

7.5 Consult librarians as needed.

local_library

Formulate specific questions that describe the area of research you're trying to locate so that the human will be able to provide a targeted response. Choose more than one method of contact to ask very specific questions (but do not ask two different librarians to answer the same question). If you don't know how to use the Library's databases, then consult with librarians to learn how! Or start at Library Do It Yourself DIY.

  1. Chat with Oregon Librarians, Answerland 24/7.
  2. Email Women Studies Librarian, Jane Nichols.
  3. Email Ecampus Librarian, Stefanie Buck. View her page.
  4. Ask Engineering Librarian, Margaret Mellinger.
  5. Ask Anthropology Librarian, Ruth Vondracek.
  6. Ask Oregon Multicultural Archives Librarian, Natalia Fernandez.
  7. Text 66746: Start with the word BEAVS the very first time you text us. Example: BEAVS what time does the library close?
  8. In person with an OSU Reference Librarian or your local librarian any day of the week.
  9. Telephone (541) 737–7293
Ask a vague question and get a vague answer back. Ask a specific question and get a specific question back.

Evaluating Sources

"Between June 2015 and August 2017, millions of Americans were exposed to Facebook ads and posts generated by Russian operatives who sought to influence voter behavior and exploit divisions in American society on hot-button issues." The Facebook ads Russians targeted at different groups By Dan Keating, Kevin Schaul and Leslie Shapiro. Nov. 1, 2017

In Evaluating Information: The Cornerstone of Civic Online Reasoning (2013), Stanford University scholars determined that most college, high school, and middle school students lack the ability to differentiate between advertisements, opinion pieces, and news articles. This problem tends to encourage citizens to base important opinions on untrue, incomplete, and unfair articles and ads, which many call fake or alternative news.

Our ability to differentiate fact from fiction gets harder as new sources of varying quality crop up overnight and fill our news feeds with headlines meant to attract attention rather than educate. Overuse of sensational headlines, uncited 'facts', and unrelated photos bombard our senses and distract us from reading carefully.

In addition, political parties from around the world overfill news feeds with fake information to push their agenda, which can persuade large groups of voters one way or another, as we have seen with Facebook and Instagram posts by Russian government officials.

To help us navigate factual, analysis, and opinion articles, refer to Vanessa Otero's Media Bias Chart, Edition 3 (below). To place a news source in the X axis (conservative versus liberal) and the Y axis (factual, analytical, unfair), Otero uses a metric that involves three main categories: Veracity, Expression, and Fairness. For a detailed analysis of her method, read related blog posts at All Generalizations are False as well as an expert review of her work (Media Quality and Bias) by Professor Max Stearns of University of Maryland Carey School of Law.


7.6 Write the research.

Wordpress icon

Write between the subheadlines on the Gender Lens pages of your Wordpress site (to help ensure you do not write about 'whatever'. The project objectives and the scoring criteria are driving the kinds of research and writing you do this week. It is not open-ended.

Define terms to help a lay audience understand the complexities of the technology and note what part of the process happens in which countries.

Gender Lens Intro page Gender Lens Timeline Factors page with subheadlines Gender Lens Social factors page with subheadlines. Gender Lens Bibliography page
  1. Login to your Wordpress site and click the My Site button to get to the Dashboard.
  2. Click on the Pages button.
  3. Click on the Gender Lens Parent Page link to edit it.
    • Change the title to the name of your topic.
    • Remove the 'Introducing the topic of my project.' sentence.
    • In your own words, in a single paragraph which summarizes the technology and its contribution to society.
    • Embed links to inline citations so that the author's last name is hyperlinked, like this: (Smith 2016).
    • Click the Update button.
    • Click the green View button to see the page in a new tab. Check for grammar and spelling errors.
    • Ctrl-P (Win) or ⌘-P (Mac) to print the page as a .PDF file. Close this viewing tab.
    • Click the ← Back button from the Editing tab.
  4. Click on the — 1. Timeline Factors Page link to edit it.
    Under the 'Design & Prototyping' subheadline:
    type your original writing about the design team.
    Under the 'Manufacturing & Production' subheadline:
    type your original writing about the manufacturing companies and their workers.
    Under the 'Marketing' subheadline:
    type your original writing about how the product is marketed to different genders.
    Under the 'Sales' subheadline:
    type your original writing about the how it is sold and how much it costs.
    Under the 'User Support' subheadline:
    type your original writing about how one learns to use it.
    Under the 'Maintenance' subheadline:
    type your original writing about whether it can be maintained by the user or outside experts.
    Under the 'Recycling & Disposal' subheadline:
    type your original writing about where it ends up.
    • Cite research and statistics. Plagiarism will not be tolerated.
    • Embed links to inline citations so that the author's last name is hyperlinked, like this: (Smith 2016).
    • Click the Update button.
    • Click the green View button to see the page in a new tab. Check for grammar and spelling errors.
    • Ctrl-P (Win) or ⌘-P (Mac) to print the page as a .PDF file. Close this viewing tab.
    • Click the ← Back button from the Editing tab.

Next week, you'll write the Social Factors page.

7.7 Blog about your progress on the research (5 points).

  1. Write a paragraph that describes your chosen (and approved) topic and note your successes or problems locating required research. Did you use library resources?
  2. Write a paragraph that describes one or more Example Project from step 7.1. What did you learn about how the project is organized?
  3. Check grammar and spelling.
  4. Click the Category button and choose the Gender & Technology.
  5. Click the Publish button.

7.8 Submit the URL to your new post.

  1. View your site live (not from the Dashboard).
  2. Select the URL for your home page or your new Post.
  3. Paste the URL into the Canvas assignment link for Chapter 7.